{"id":1461,"date":"2026-02-18T19:37:45","date_gmt":"2026-02-18T19:37:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.copantalya.com\/?page_id=1461"},"modified":"2026-03-02T19:35:06","modified_gmt":"2026-03-02T19:35:06","slug":"uluslararasi-hukuk","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.copantalya.com\/sr\/uluslararasi-hukuk\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041c\u0435\u0452\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u041c\u0435\u0452\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, D\u00fcnya atmosferinin s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve hava ko\u015fullar\u0131nda uzun vadeli de\u011fi\u015fimleri ifade eder. Do\u011fal s\u00fcre\u00e7ler iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine neden olabilse de, \u00f6zellikle fosil yak\u0131t kullan\u0131m\u0131, ormans\u0131zla\u015fma ve sanayile\u015fme gibi insan faaliyetleri bu s\u00fcreci h\u0131zland\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, D\u00fcnya atmosferinin s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve hava ko\u015fullar\u0131nda uzun vadeli de\u011fi\u015fimleri ifade eder. Do\u011fal s\u00fcre\u00e7ler iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine neden olabilse de, \u00f6zellikle fosil yak\u0131t kullan\u0131m\u0131, ormans\u0131zla\u015fma ve sanayile\u015fme gibi insan faaliyetleri bu s\u00fcreci h\u0131zland\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>

\u00d6zellikle sera gaz\u0131 etkisi, atmosferde biriken karbondioksit (CO\u2082), metan (CH\u2084) ve azot oksitler (N\u2082O) gibi gazlar\u0131n g\u00fcne\u015ften gelen \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 tutarak k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak bilinen \u0131s\u0131nma s\u00fcrecini ba\u015flatmas\u0131na neden olur. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, okyanus ak\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131ndan ya\u011f\u0131\u015f d\u00fczenlerine kadar bir\u00e7ok do\u011fal sistemi etkileyerek a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 hava olaylar\u0131nda ciddi de\u011fi\u015fikliklere yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Bu a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimlerin sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7evresel felaketler, etkilerini vurgulamak amac\u0131yla \u201ciklim krizi\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>

\u0130klim krizinin \u00e7evresel sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131, do\u011fal afetlerin \u015fiddetlenmesi, g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011finin tehlikeye girmesi ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak a\u00e7l\u0131k ve su krizlerinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 yer almaktad\u0131r. Ancak iklim krizi yaln\u0131zca \u00e7evreyi de\u011fil; \u00fclkelerin politikalar\u0131n\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmalar\u0131 ve uluslararas\u0131 hukuku da etkilemi\u015ftir. Bunun en \u00f6nemli \u00f6rneklerinden biri Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131, 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen United Nations Climate Change Conference<\/span> (COP21) kapsam\u0131nda kabul edilmi\u015f ve Fransa\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Paris\u2019te imzalanm\u0131\u015f uluslararas\u0131 bir \u00e7evre anla\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. Temel amac\u0131, k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sanayi \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6neme k\u0131yasla 2\u00b0C\u2019nin olduk\u00e7a alt\u0131nda tutmak ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse 1,5\u00b0C ile s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmakt\u0131r.<\/p>

Anla\u015fma 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir ve Mart 2021 itibar\u0131yla 191 \u00fclke taraf\u0131ndan onaylanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zaman i\u00e7inde i\u00e7erik ve uygulama mekanizmalar\u0131 geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. S\u0131cakl\u0131k hedeflerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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  • \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tYoksullukla m\u00fccadele<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
  • \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tYenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n te\u015fviki<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
  • \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tUluslararas\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011finin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
  • \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tS\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nman\u0131n desteklenmesi<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    gibi ama\u00e7lar da kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

    Anla\u015fman\u0131n en \u00f6nemli mekanizmalar\u0131ndan biri, \u00fclkelerin Ulusal Katk\u0131 Beyanlar\u0131 (NDC)<\/b><\/span> sunma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00dclkeler, mevcut emisyon d\u00fczeylerini, ekonomik kapasitelerini ve kalk\u0131nma seviyelerini dikkate alarak kendi emisyon azalt\u0131m hedeflerini belirler.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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    Ulusal Hedeflerin Belirlenmesinde Temel \u0130lkeler<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Bilimsel Dayanak<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Hedefler, bilimsel veriler ve iklim uzmanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nerileri do\u011frultusunda belirlenmelidir<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    \u015eeffafl\u0131k<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Taahh\u00fctler kamuoyuna a\u00e7\u0131k ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r bir \u015fekilde duyurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    \u0130lerleme Raporlar\u0131<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Belirlenen hedeflere ula\u015fma s\u00fcrecinde d\u00fczenli raporlama yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t

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    Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m olmakla birlikte baz\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamalara sahiptir<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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    \n\t\t\t<\/path><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    \u00dclkelerin NDC sunma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r; ancak belirlenen emisyon azalt\u0131m hedefleri hukuken zorlay\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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    \n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Yetersiz Hedefler<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Mevcut ulusal taahh\u00fctler, 1,5\u00b0C hedefini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in genellikle yeterli de\u011fildir.<\/p>

    \u00a0<\/p>

    \u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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    \n\t\t\t<\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/path><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Finansman Eksiklikleri<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelere sa\u011flama taahh\u00fcd\u00fcnde bulundu\u011fu iklim finansman\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman yetersiz kalmaktad\u0131r<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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    \n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Uygulama Zorluklar\u0131<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Siyasi de\u011fi\u015fimler, ekonomik krizler ve ulusal \u00f6ncelikler iklim politikalar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131rabilmektedir<\/p>

    \u00a0<\/p>

    \u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"16472\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130\u015f Birli\u011finin \u00d6nemi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi k\u00fcresel bir sorun oldu\u011fundan, uluslararas\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. \u00dclkeler<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    • \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFinansal destek sa\u011flamal\u0131<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
    • \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tYenilenebilir enerji teknolojilerini payla\u015fmal\u0131<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
    • \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBilgi ve veri al\u0131\u015fveri\u015finde bulunmal\u0131<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
    • \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tOrtak iklim projeleri geli\u015ftirmelidir<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

      Sonu\u00e7 olarak, Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hedeflerine ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 yaln\u0131zca devletlerin de\u011fil; bireylerin, sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn de katk\u0131s\u0131yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacakt\u0131r. \u0130klim kriziyle m\u00fccadele, \u00e7ok katmanl\u0131 ve kolektif bir sorumluluk gerektirmektedir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Uluslararas\u0131 Hukuk \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, D\u00fcnya atmosferinin s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve hava ko\u015fullar\u0131nda uzun vadeli de\u011fi\u015fimleri ifade eder. Do\u011fal s\u00fcre\u00e7ler iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine neden […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1461","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.copantalya.com\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1461","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.copantalya.com\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.copantalya.com\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.copantalya.com\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.copantalya.com\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1461"}],"version-history":[{"count":34,"href":"https:\/\/www.copantalya.com\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1461\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1700,"href":"https:\/\/www.copantalya.com\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1461\/revisions\/1700"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.copantalya.com\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1461"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}