COP Process
First official COP meeting 1995 in Berlin (COP1) This was carried out. During this period, countries discussed how they could create a common language regarding a global problem that affects their economies in different ways.
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE COP PROCESS
Although evolutionary development has occurred throughout human history This process accelerated after the Industrial Revolution, At the same time, environmental damage has increased. Climate change and environmental problems have emerged as a result of mass production and industrialization. These problems are considered not only environmental but also global health problems and know no borders.
While climate was long considered solely a scientific issue, it has become central to political discussions since the mid-1970s.
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
First official COP meeting 1995 in Berlin (COP1) This was carried out. During this period, countries discussed how they could create a common language regarding a global problem that affects their economies in different ways.
Kyoto Protocol – COP3 (1997)
The first major historical milestone, The COP3 held in Japan in 1997 how much is accepted Kyoto Protocol has occurred. This protocol requires industrialized countries to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions legally binding targets It is the first treaty it has accepted.
However, Kyoto had a significant flaw: obligations only applied to developed countries, leaving rapidly growing economies like China and India out of scope. Furthermore, the US never ratified the agreement.
COPENHAGEN SUMMIT – COP15 (2009)
The world, with anticipation for a new agreement to replace the Kyoto Protocol COP15 Copenhagen He went to the summit with great hopes. However, the summit ended in a non-binding and chaotic consensus. This revealed the deep divisions between rich and poor countries.
Despite this, the summit was not a complete failure. Global temperature increase Keep below 2°C the deficit was adopted and for developing countries it is annual 100 billion dollars in climate finance The word was given.
PARIS Agreement – COP21 (2015)
COP21 held in Paris in 2015, was a turning point in global climate governance. 195 countries signed the Paris Agreement. Unlike the Kyoto Protocol, this agreement mandated all countries to set emission reduction targets. These targets Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) it was named.
Also the global temperature increase target, from 2°C to the much more safely accepted 1.5°C drew to its level.